The Federal High Court Abuja: A Comprehensive Overview
The Federal High Court in Abuja is a cornerstone of the Nigerian judicial system. This post provides an in-depth look at its history, jurisdiction, structure, functions, and operations.
Overview and History of the Federal High Court Abuja
The Federal High Court was established under the Federal Revenue Court Decree No. 13 of 1973, which was later replaced by the Federal High Court Act of 1973. The court was created to manage federal matters more efficiently and reduce the burden on the regular courts. Over the years, its jurisdiction has expanded through constitutional amendments, positioning it as a key player in Nigeria‘s legal landscape.
The Chief Judge of The High Court
Hon. Justice John Terhemba Tsoho currently serves as the Chief Judge of the Federal High Court. Born on June 24, 1959, in Mbaduku, Vandeikya LGA, Benue State, Justice Tsoho has had a distinguished career. He earned his LL.B from the University of Lagos in 1984 and was called to the Nigerian Bar in 1985. Appointed as Chief Judge on December 13, 2019, Justice Tsoho is known for his integrity and commitment to justice.
Jurisdiction of the Federal High Court Abuja
The Federal High Court has exclusive jurisdiction over matters involving the federal government and its agencies. According to Section 251 of the 1999 Constitution (as amended), the court’s jurisdiction includes:
- Federal revenue and related financial matters
- Taxation of companies and corporate bodies
- Customs and excise duties
- Banking, foreign exchange, and monetary issues
- Admiralty jurisdiction
- Intellectual property matters
- Citizenship and immigration issues
- Labor, employment, and industrial relations
- Arms, ammunition, and explosives
- Mines and minerals
- Criminal matters related to the above issues
Structure of the Federal High Court, Abuja
The Federal High Court is a single entity with divisions across Nigeria and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). It is led by the Chief Judge, who is appointed by the President on the recommendation of the National Judicial Council (NJC). Each division is headed by a judge, and the Abuja division is prominent due to its location in the capital.
The court is structured into various divisions:
- Civil Division: Handles civil cases involving federal laws.
- Criminal Division: Deals with federal criminal cases.
- Admiralty Division: Focuses on maritime and shipping laws.
- Intellectual Property Division: Manages trademarks, patents, and copyrights.
- Revenue Division: Addresses taxation and customs issues.
Functions and Responsibilities of the Federal High Court Abuja
- Interpretation of Federal Laws: The court interprets and applies laws passed by the National Assembly.
- Enforcement of Rights: It enforces rights under federal laws.
- Judicial Review: The court reviews federal agency actions to ensure legal compliance.
- Dispute Resolution: It resolves disputes involving the federal government and its agencies.
- Criminal Prosecution: Handles federal criminal cases, including corruption and terrorism.
Departments and Their Functions
1. Litigation Department
Located on the third floor, this department manages legal processes, including:
- Bail Unit: Handles bail processes and document verification.
- Deputy Sheriff: Manages filing and court orders.
- Revenue/Cash Office: Manages payments and financial records.
- Appeal Unit: Manages appeal records.
- Process Unit: Oversees case file management.
- Commissioner for Oaths: Verifies affidavits and court documents.
2. Administration Department
Handles human resource management and regulatory compliance, including:
- Employment, promotion, welfare, and retirement of staff.
- Manages various administrative units like Open Registry and Records.
3. Procurement Department
Manages the acquisition of goods and services according to the Procurement Act of 2007.
4. Finance and Accounts Department
Oversees financial systems, including payroll, budgeting, and tax matters.
5. Library & Information Services Department
Provides research and information services, including legal texts and electronic databases.
6. Training Department
Focuses on staff training and development.
How the Federal High Court Abuja Operates
The court operates under the Federal High Court Civil Procedure Rules and other laws. Cases are initiated by filing a writ of summons. The court’s principles include fairness and impartiality, with proceedings generally public, though some cases may be heard in camera. Decisions can be appealed to the Court of Appeal and, ultimately, the Supreme Court of Nigeria.
Important Information for Litigants and Legal Practitioners
- Filing Fees: Fees vary depending on the case type and relief sought.
- Legal Representation: It’s advisable to have a lawyer due to complex procedures.
- Case Management: The court uses a case management system for efficiency.
- Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR): ADR methods like mediation are encouraged.
Get in Touch
Open: Monday – Friday from 8 AM – 4 PM
Address: Shehu Shagari Way, Central District, Abuja, FCT, Nigeria
Phone: +234 807 460 1579
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.fhc.gov.ng
Frequently Asked Questions About The Federal High Court Abuja
1. What are the operating hours of the Federal High Court Abuja?
The court is open Monday to Friday from 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM.
2. Where is the Federal High Court Abuja located?
It is located on Shehu Shagari Way, Central District, Abuja, FCT, Nigeria.
3. How can I contact the Federal High Court Abuja?
You can reach them by phone at +234 807 460 1579 or via email at [email protected].
4. What are the main departments within the Federal High Court Abuja?
Key departments include the Litigation Department, Administration Department, Procurement Department, Finance and Accounts Department, Library & Information Services Department, and Training Department.
5. What services does the Litigation Department provide?
The department handles bail processing, court orders, revenue collection, and appeals.
6. What functions are performed by the Administration Department?
The department manages human resources, including staff employment, promotion, and welfare.
7. What is the role of the Procurement Department?
It handles the acquisition of goods and services in compliance with the Procurement Act.
8. What does the Finance and Accounts Department manage?
The department manages financial systems, payroll, budgeting, and tax matters.
9. What services does the Library & Information Services Department offer?
The department offers research services, including access to legal texts and electronic databases.
10. What is the purpose of the Training Department?
The department organizes training programs for court staff to enhance their skills.
Wrap Up
The Federal High Court Abuja is crucial for upholding federal laws and ensuring justice in Nigeria. Its extensive jurisdiction and various functions make it a key institution in the Nigerian judicial system.
